Table 6

Probability of incurring catastrophic healthcare expenditures

(1)(2)
Prob. of catastrophic exp.Prob. of catastrophic exp.
(10% of tot exp)(40% of non-food exp)
Head of the household
Age group
15–2411
25–341.0201.139
(0.125)(0.179)
35–440.8280.963
(0.104)(0.153)
45–540.9560.997
(0.122)(0.161)
55+1.0481.252
(0.138)(0.206)
Female head1.1250.980
(0.0607)(0.0636)
Education
No or less than primary11
(.)(.)
Primary1.0451.038
(0.0659)(0.0736)
Secondary1.0380.823
(0.0782)(0.0740)
Tertiary0.9290.679∗∗
(0.0990)(0.0957)
Employment status
Formal employment11
(.)(.)
Informal employment1.0621.047
(0.0863)(0.112)
Not employed0.9310.941
(0.0821)(0.107)
Marital status
Never married11
(.)(.)
Married/living together1.2021.178
Widowed1.1231.258
(0.129)(0.181)
Consumption quintiles
1 Poorer11
(.)(.)
20.665∗∗∗(0.0367)0.617∗∗∗ (0.0380)
30.541∗∗∗(0.0332)0.444∗∗∗(0.0317)
40.444∗∗∗(0.0312)0.308∗∗∗(0.0268)
5 Richer0.292∗∗∗(0.0262)0.174∗∗∗(0.0211)
Any insured in the HH1.1231.101
(0.0605)(0.0735)
Any chronic in the HH2.476∗∗∗(0.105)2.322∗∗∗(0.117)
Elderly in the HH1.482∗∗∗(0.0952)1.510∗∗∗(0.112)
Household size
Group 1 (smaller)11
(.)(.)
Group 21.0010.815∗∗∗
(0.0509)(0.0489)
Group 3 (bigger)0.9540.722∗∗∗
(0.0618)(0.0544)
Urban1.152∗∗1.070
(0.0612)(0.0665)
Observations31 00830 826
  • Results expressed in ORs.

  • Exponentiated coefficients; SE in parentheses. p<0.05, ∗∗p<0.01, ∗∗∗p<0.001.

  • Both models include county dummies to better control for geographical heterogeneity.