Tests of HWISE Scale validity using random coefficient regression models, controlling for sites
| Coefficient (95% CI) | SD (residual) | ICC | |
| Predictive validity† | |||
| Satisfaction with water situation‡ | −0.07 (-0.08 to -0.06)*** | 1.12 | 0.19 |
| Perceived water standing in community§ | 0.16 (0.12 to 0.20)*** | 2.26 | 0.12 |
| 4-item Perceived Stress Scale score (0–16) | 0.05 (0.01 to 0.09)** | 2.27 | 0.22 |
| Household Food Insecurity Access score (0–27) | 0.38 (0.29 to 0.47)*** | 5.61 | 0.32 |
| Convergent validity¶ | |||
| Time (minutes) to water source | 0.06 (0.02 to 0.09)** | 6.82 | 0.41 |
| Discriminant validity¶ | |||
| If injured while fetching water | 4.51 (2.21 to 6.80)*** | 7.28 | 0.37 |
*P<0.05; **P<0.01; ***P<0.001.
†HWISE Scale score is the main independent variable.
‡Range is 1–5, 5=very satisfied.
§Scored using a ladder with range 1–10,1=highest standing.
¶HWISE Scale score is the dependent variable.
HWISE, Household Water InSecurity Experiences; ICC, intraclass correlation coefficient.