Nation | Policy title (year of publication) | Health conditions/priority areas included within stated scope | Policy explicitly includes MSK health, mobility/ functional ability or persistent pain in the context of NCD management | Aims/objectives and strategies/actions relevant to prevention or management of MSK, Mob/FA or pain (all, some, none, n/a) | Internal validity sum score (range: 0–14) | ||
MSK | Mob / FA | Pain | |||||
Australia | National Strategic Framework for Chronic Conditions (2017; primary)45 | All chronic and complex health conditions across the spectrum of illness, including mental illness, trauma, disability and genetic disorders, including communicable diseases and NCDs. | No | No | No | All | 11 |
Belgium | Chronic Disease Plan. Integrated Health Services for Better Health (2015; primary)46 | NCDs (diabetes, cancer, asthma), chronic communicable disease (HIV-AIDS), mental health (psychoses), certain anatomical/functional conditions (blindness, multiple sclerosis), rare diseases, following accidental injury (amputation, paralysis), complex multimorbidities in the stages of high dependency or palliative care. | No | No | No | All | 11 |
Canada | Integrated Strategy on Healthy Living and Chronic Disease (2005; secondary)44 | All chronic diseases and explicitly states inclusion of diabetes, cancer, respiratory diseases and cardiovascular disease. | No | No | No | All | 0 |
Canada’s Tobacco Strategy (2018; secondary)41 | Chronic diseases associated with tobacco use. | No | No | No | None | 3 | |
Curbing Childhood Obesity: A Federal, Provincial and Territorial Framework for Action to Promote Healthy Weights (2010; primary)42 | Obesity and overweight. | No | No | No | All | 3 | |
Let’s get moving: A common vision for increasing physical activity and reducing sedentary living in Canada (2018; primary)43 | n.s. | No | No | No | All | 10 | |
Chile | National Health Strategy to Complete the Health Objectives of the Decade (2011; primary)47 | Communicable diseases—HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, acute respiratory disorders. NCDs—explicitly covers cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, cancer, chronic respiratory disorders, mental health disorders, disability, oral health conditions and musculoskeletal conditions. Injury—traffic accidents, workplace injury and family violence. Emergencies and disasters. | Yes | Yes | Yes | Some | 13 |
Czech Republic | HEALTH 2020 National Strategy for Health Protection and Promotion and Disease Prevention (2014; primary)48 | Serious NCDs such as type 2 diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, mental disorders and musculoskeletal diseases, among others. | Yes | No | No | Some | 10 |
Long-term programme of improving the health status of the population of the Czech Republic – Health for All in the 21st Century (2002; primary)**49 | New cancers, metabolic diseases especially diabetes, musculoskeletal diseases, respiratory diseases, cardiovascular disease, nervous and mental diseases, psychosomatic consequences of drug use, certain infections (AIDS). | Yes | No | No | Some | 7 | |
Denmark | Recommendations for preventative services for citizens with chronic diseases (2016; primary)50 | All chronic conditions. | Yes | Yes | Yes | All | 6 |
Care pathways for chronic diseases – the generic model (2012; primary)51 | All chronic conditions. | Yes | Yes | No | All | 1 | |
Estonia | National Health Plan 2009–2020 (2012; primary)*52 | Cancer, cardiovascular diseases, asthma, diabetes, mental health conditions. | No | No | No | Some | 10 |
France | Laws Official Journal of the French Republic of January 27th, 2016: Law no 2016–41 January 26th, 2016 of the Modernisation of Our Health System (1). Keynote Title: Mobilising Health System Members Around a Shared Strategy (2016; primary)53 | NCDs including: mental disorders, cancer, pain; diseases related to poor nutrition; diseases related to lifestyle conditions that are susceptible to change; diseases related to tobacco use; diseases related to illicit drug use (narcotics, psychoactive drugs); diseases related to poor oral health; conditions related to environmental conditions (eg, air pollution); conditions related to exposure to harmful chemicals in consumer products (lead, asbestos, bisphenol A); injury; disability. | No | No | Yes | Some | 5 |
National Health Strategy: Roadmap (2013; primary)54 | NCDs related to unfavourable health behaviours (tobacco consumption, excessive alcohol consumption, malnutrition, sedentary behaviours); individuals living with a disability or age-related loss of autonomy; other public health priority areas including youth health, obesity, mental health, cancer and age-related illness. | No | No | No | All | 10 | |
Germany | IN FORM: Germany’s initiative for healthy nutrition (diet) and more physical activity. National action plan for prevention of malnutrition, lack of physical activity overweight and associated diseases (2014; primary)55 | Overweight and obesity and their sequelae; diseases associated with inadequate physical activity; malnutrition and eating disorders (eg, anorexia, bulimia); postural deformities in children and teenagers; work-related musculoskeletal disorders. | No | No | No | Some | 7 |
Hungary | “Healthy Hungary 2014–2020”—Health Sector Strategy (2015; primary)56 | Cardiovascular conditions; diabetes; chronic respiratory disease; musculoskeletal diseases; cancer; mental health; accident/injury; communicable diseases. | Yes | No | No | Some | 8 |
Iceland | Public health policy and actions to encourage a healthier society—with emphasis on children and adolescents under 18 years of age (2016; primary)57 | Heart disease; diabetes; cancer; musculoskeletal conditions; migraine; drug abuse and mental health conditions. | Yes | No | No | Some | 11 |
Ireland | Tackling Chronic Disease: A Policy Framework for the Management of Chronic Diseases (2008; primary)*58 | Cardiovascular disease; diabetes; cancer; musculoskeletal conditions and osteoporosis; mental disorders; asthma and chronic bronchitis. | Yes | No | No | Some | 5 |
Healthy Ireland: A framework for improved health and well-being 2013–2025 (2013; primary)*59 | Overweight and obesity; mental health; sexual health; disability. | No | No | No | None | 9 | |
Italy | National Prevention Plan 2014–2018 (2014; primary)60 | NCDs including cardiovascular diseases, cancer, respiratory diseases, diabetes, mental health conditions; neurosensory conditions, including hearing impairment and deafness, visual impairment and blindness; occupational health, including musculoskeletal conditions. | No | No | No | None | 4 |
National Chronicity Plan (2016; primary)61 | Chronic kidney disease; rheumatoid arthritis and chronic arthritis in developmental age (juvenile arthritis); ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease; chronic heart failure; Parkinson's disease and Parkinsonism; COPD; chronic respiratory failure; asthma; chronic endocrine diseases. | Yes | Yes | No | Some | 6 | |
Gaining Health: Making healthy choices easier (2008; primary)(62) | Cardiovascular diseases; cancer; diabetes; chronic respiratory diseases; mental health conditions; musculoskeletal conditions. | Yes | No | No | n.s | 0 | |
Japan | Health Japan 21 (the second term) (2012; primary)63 | Cancer; cardiovascular diseases; diabetes and COPD. | No | No | No | Some | 9 |
Republic of Korea | National Health Plan 2020 in Korea (2011; secondary)64 | Cancer; arthritis; cardiocerebrovascular disease; obesity; mental health conditions; oral health; infectious diseases (tuberculosis, AIDS); injury prevention; health of population subgroups (maternal, infant, elderly, worker’s health, military health). | Yes | Yes | No | n.s. | 6 |
The Third National Health Promotion Plan (2011–2020) (2011; primary)40 | Cardiovascular disease; arthritis; obesity; diabetes; cancer; mental health; oral health; communicable diseases. | Yes | Yes | Yes | Some | 12 | |
Latvia | Public Health Guidelines 2014 – 2020 (2014; primary)**65 | Cardiovascular disease; cancer; paediatric/neonatal health; mental health. | No | No | No | Some | 10 |
Lithuania | Seimas of the Republic of Lithuania Resolution No XII-964 of Approval of the Lithuanian Health Strategy 2014–2025 (2014; primary)*66 | Cardiovascular disease; cancer; diabetes; chronic respiratory diseases and mental health disorders. | No | No | No | Some | 5 |
The 2014–2020 National Programme Progress Horizontal Priority ‘Health for All’ Interinstitutional Operations Plan (2014; primary)**67 | Cardiovascular disease; cerebrovascular conditions; cancer; mental health conditions. | No | No | No | Some | 7 | |
The National Public Healthcare Development Programme for 2016–2023 (2015; primary)*68 | Mental health conditions; obesity; diabetes; cancer and cardiovascular disease. | Yes | No | No | Some | 10 | |
Mexico | National strategy for the prevention and control of overweight, obesity and diabetes (2013; primary)69 | Overweight; obesity; diabetes. | No | No | No | Some | 12 |
The Netherlands | All about health (2013; primary)70 | Health conditions related to: smoking, overweight/obesity, excessive alcohol consumption, and physical inactivity; depression; diabetes. | No | No | No | Some | 10 |
Norway | NCD-Strategy 2013–2017. For the prevention, diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation of four non-communicable diseases: cardiovascular disease, diabetes, COPD and cancer (2013; primary)71 | Cardiovascular disease; diabetes; COPD and cancer. | No | No | No | All | 4 |
Poland | The National Health Programme for the years 2016–2020, Council of Ministers’ Decree (2016; primary)**72 | NCDs in general, with specific reference to acute myocardial infarction; stroke; cancer; asthma; COPD; diabetes; depression and mental distress; dental caries; dementia; musculoskeletal pain; infertility; substance abuse conditions; specific communicable diseases (HCV, HBV, HIV, rubella, measles, polio); suicide; functional limitations on physical and sensory organs; and women’s and children’s health (pregnancy/labour/perinatal maternal health, child health problems diagnosed in utero, developmental problems of newborns, low birth weight, fertility, infant and maternal mortality). | Yes | Yes | No | Some | 8 |
Portugal | National Health Plan 20208 Review and Outreach (2015; primary)**38 | Cardiovascular disease; cancer; diabetes; obesity; chronic respiratory diseases; disability; nutrition-related diseases, HIV/AIDs. | No | Yes | No | Some | 10 |
Slovakia | Updated National Health Promotion Program in the Slovak Republic (2014; primary)**73 | All health conditions (communicable and non-communicable), with specific foci including cardiovascular diseases; diabetes and selected cancers (cervical, breast, colon/rectal). | No | No | No | Some | 6 |
Slovenia | Resolution on National Healthcare Plan 2016–2025 (2016; primary)*74 | Cardiovascular disease; cancer; obesity; diabetes; chronic respiratory diseases; neurodegenerative diseases; autism; epilepsy; musculoskeletal diseases; diseases of the teeth and oral cavity; mental illness; conditions related to substance abuse (alcohol, tobacco smoking). | Yes | Yes | No | Some | 12 |
Spain | Strategy for Addressing Chronicity in the National Health System (2012; primary)75 | Cancer; ischaemic heart disease; stroke; diabetes; mental health; COPD; rare diseases; pain; palliative care. | No | Yes | Yes | All | 8 |
Sweden | A person-centred public health policy (2012; primary)76 | NCDs related to lifestyle with specific reference to: diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, liver damage, hypertension, psychiatric diseases, stroke, musculoskeletal conditions and overweight; accidents and injury; communicable diseases, including sexually transmitted diseases. | Yes | Yes | No | Some | 4 |
A cohesive strategy for alcohol, narcotic drugs, doping and tobacco (ANDT) policy (2011; primary)*77 | Any conditions associated with substance abuse. | No | No | No | Some | 4 | |
Switzerland | Action plan for the National Strategy on the Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCD-Strategy) 2017–2024 (2016; primary)78 | Respiratory diseases; cancer; cardiovascular diseases; diabetes, musculoskeletal disorders; conditions related to substance abuse; mental health disorders. | Yes | No | No | Some | 13 |
National strategy for the prevention of non-communicable diseases (NCD-Strategy) 2017–2024 (2016; primary)79 | Respiratory diseases; cardiovascular disease; cancer; diabetes, musculoskeletal disorders. | Yes | No | No | All | 13 | |
Turkey | Multisectoral Action Plan of Turkey for Non-communicable Diseases 2017–2025 (2017; primary)*39 | Cardiovascular diseases; malignant neoplasms; respiratory diseases; diabetes; cancer (specifically breast and cervical cancers); chronic airway diseases; COPD; asthma; disease related to lifestyle choices (tobacco consumption, secondhand smoke, alcohol consumption, unhealthy diet (high salt consumption), raised blood cholesterol, and insufficient physical activity); obesity; hypertension; chronic kidney disease; musculoskeletal system diseases. | Yes | No | No | Some | 13 |
United Kingdom | Living Well for Longer: a Call to Action to Reduce Avoidable Premature mortality (2013; primary)*80 | Cancer; circulatory disease (heart disease, stroke); respiratory and liver disease. | No | No | No | All | 4 |
United States of America | National Prevention Council Action Plan: Implementing the National Prevention Strategy (2012; primary)81 | Diseases related to lifestyle choices (tobacco, substance abuse, nutrition, physical inactivity; for example, obesity, heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, certain cancers, respiratory infections, asthma, depression); injury/accidents (including violence); reproductive and sexual health; mental health. | Yes | No | No | Some | 5 |
*Source document published in English.
**Source document translated to English.
COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; FA, functional ability or functional impairment; HBV, hepatitis B virus; HCV, hepatitis C virus; Mob, mobility;MSK, musculoskeletal;NCD, non-communicable disease; n.s., not stated; Pain, persistent non-cancer pain.