Comparison of baseline characteristics between the two study groups
| ISTp | PCD | |
| N (%) | N (%) | |
| Number of clusters | 46 | 41 |
| Number of women | 3300 | 3568 |
| Women per cluster | ||
| Median (range) | 93 (6–224) | 92 (10–264) |
| Age group, years | ||
| <20 | 170 (5.2) | 176 (4.9) |
| 20–24 | 1326 (40.2) | 1405 (39.3) |
| 25–29 | 1159 (35.2) | 1241 (34.8) |
| 30+ | 644 (19.5) | 746 (21.0) |
| Gravidity | ||
| Primi- | 1218 (36.9) | 1334 (37.4) |
| Secondi- | 955 (28.9) | 973 (27.3) |
| Multi- | 1127 (34.1) | 1261 (35.4) |
| Education | ||
| None | 977 (29.6%) | 976 (27.4) |
| Primary | 1128 (34.2) | 1253 (35.1) |
| Secondary | 706 (21.4) | 771 (21.7) |
| Higher | 488 (14.8) | 567 (15.9) |
| Slept under net previous night | ||
| Yes | 2368 (71.9) | 2860 (80.3) |
| Slept under an ITN previous night | ||
| Yes | 338 (13.8) | 400 (13.7) |
| Socioeconomic quintile | ||
| Poorest | 670 (20.4) | 700 (19.7) |
| 2 | 718 (21.8) | 696 (19.6) |
| 3 | 669 (20.6) | 657 (18.5) |
| 4 | 679 (20.4) | 694 (19.5) |
| Least poor | 556 (16.9) | 810 (22.8) |
| Haemoglobin (g/L) | ||
| <70 | 34 (1.0) | 27 (0.76) |
| 70 to <110 | 2800 (84.9) | 2912 (81.8) |
| ≥110 | 465 (14.1) | 623 (17.5) |
| History of fever (<48 hours) or temperature>37.5°C | ||
| Yes | 279 (8.5) | 182 (5.1) |
| RDT done | 3163 (95.8) | 108 (3.0) |
| RDT positive | 101 (3.2) | 10 (9.3) |
| RDT species specification | ||
| P. falciparum | 84 (2.7) | 7 (6.5) |
| P. vivax | 9 (0.3) | 2 (2.0) |
| Mixed infection (Pf+Pv) | 8 (0.3) | 1 (0.9) |
| PCR done | 2620 (79.4) | 2706 (75.8) |
| PCR positive | 155 (5.9) | 114 (4.2) |
| Symptomatic malaria* | 30 (29.7) | 10 (100.0) |
*RDT positive plus history of fever (<48 hours) or temperature>37.5°C.
ISTp, intermittent screening and treatment during pregnancy; ITN, insecticide-treated bed net; P., Plasmodium; PCD, passive case detection; Pf, Plasmodium falciparum; Pv, Plasmodium vivax; RDT, rapid diagnostic test.