Table 1

Battle-related deaths (per 100 000 population), countries most affected by conflict according to national battle-related mortality rates, sub-Saharan Africa, 1989–2016 (□ denotes national DHS or MICS conducted)

	1990					1995					2000					2005					2010					2015
Rwanda	36	16	14	15	8372	70	5	72	25	0	0	25	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberia	177	28	22	133	206	110	141	1	1	3	3	16	74	105	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	43	134	75	8	10	7	15	4	5	8	3	6	8	5	8	4	14	18	19	24	28	22	30	10	12	11	18
Eritrea	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	1	0	502	51	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo	0	0	0	5	1	0	0	362	127	32	0	0	7	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1
Sierra Leone	0	31	14	16	54	83	25	32	133	116	21	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	104	25	2	0	0	2	0	0	2	48	73	1	1	1	1	0	1	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angola	23	5	20	101	32	2	1	1	8	18	8	14	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	5	1	0	1	25	42	25	21	15	31	18	22	17	9	5	2	1	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	0
Democratic Republic of Congo	0	0	0	8	1	1	80	31	18	16	6	3	15	7	2	1	1	2	3	8	1	1	3	3	2	1	1
Central African Republic	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	7	4	0	0	0	4	3	0	4	3	3	2	68	58	9	8
Chad	12	2	19	5	8	1	0	2	3	5	13	3	3	0	1	3	19	4	9	1	0	0	0	0	0	3	0
Uganda	5	6	0	0	1	3	8	6	5	5	5	1	5	6	7	3	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Sudan																						11	8	16	21	9	9
Guinea-Bissau	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mozambique	13	14	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	1	0	3	2	2	0	0	2	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	2	6	5	2
Mali	4	2	1	0	8	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	2	5	2	1	1

Countries are ordered from descending order by the total battle-related mortality rates over the whole period; shaded cells indicated battle-related deaths 5 per 100 000 population or higher. Source: UCDP database for battle-related deaths, which contains data from 1989; UN Population Division for population denominators.
Values in bold indicate above the threshold used in this paper to identify conflict years.
DHS, Demographic and Health Surveys; MICS, Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys.