Health behavioural outcomes
| Maternal outcome | Controls (n=826) | Cases (n=350) | OR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) |
| No. of ANC visits | ||||
| Less than four ANC visits | 267 (32.32) | 31 (8.86) | Reference | Reference |
| At least four ANC visits | 559 (67.68) | 319 (91.14) | 4.92 (3.31 to 7.31) | 4.8 (3.20 to 7.09) |
| Time taken to reach facility for delivery | ||||
| Less than 30 min | 484 (64.79) | 129 (36.86) | Reference | Reference |
| 30–60 min | 213 (28.51) | 179 (51.14) | 3.15 (2.39 to 4.16) | 3.14 (2.37 to 4.15) |
| 1 hour and above | 50 (6.69) | 42 (12.00) | 3.15 (2.00 to 4.96) | 3.10 (1.95 to 4.90) |
| Adverse pregnancy outcomes | ||||
| Live birth | 784 (98.00) | 341 (97.43) | Reference | Reference |
| Miscarriage/stillbirth | 16 (2.0) | 9 (2.57) | 1.30 (0.57 to 2.96) | 1.97 (0.81 to 4.81) |
| No. of PNC visits | ||||
| Less than four PNC visits | 542 (69.40) | 120 (35.40) | Reference | Reference |
| At least four PNC visits | 239 (30.60) | 219 (64.60) | 4.14 (3.16 to 5.42) | 4.10 (3.11 to 5.36) |
| Status of mother after birth | ||||
| Alive | 790 (99.50) | 348 (99.71) | Reference | Reference |
| Dead | 4 (0.50) | 1 (0.29) | 0.57 (0.06 to 5.20) | 0.61 (0.07 to 5.45) |
aOR, adjusted OR;ANC, antenatal care; PNC, postnatal care.