Characteristic | Mean | SD |
Age | ||
Woman’s age at delivery | 26 | 6.56 |
Partner age | 32 | 8.08 |
n | % | |
Urban | 814 | 12.3 |
Ethnicity | ||
Chewa | 1890 | 28.6 |
Lomwe | 1167 | 17.7 |
Yao | 914 | 13.8 |
Ngoni | 826 | 12.5 |
Tumbuka | 670 | 10.1 |
Sena | 350 | 5.3 |
Tonga | 208 | 3.1 |
Nkhonde | 109 | 1.6 |
Other | 474 | 7.2 |
Religion | ||
Christian, other denomination | 2846 | 43.0 |
Catholic | 1133 | 17.1 |
Muslim | 943 | 14.2 |
Church of Central Africa Presbyterian | 875 | 13.2 |
Seventh Day Adventist | 377 | 5.7 |
No religion | 236 | 3.6 |
Anglican | 180 | 2.7 |
Other religion | 35 | 0.5 |
Education | ||
None | 680 | 10.3 |
Primary | 4669 | 70.5 |
Secondary | 1198 | 18.1 |
Higher | 77 | 1.2 |
Literacy | ||
Can read | 4444 | 67.1 |
Cannot read | 2158 | 32.7 |
Blind or visually impaired | 3 | 0.05 |
Missing | 20 | 0.003 |
Wealth | ||
Poorest | 1514 | 22.9 |
Poor | 1473 | 22.2 |
Middle | 1407 | 21.2 |
Rich | 1164 | 17.6 |
Richest | 1067 | 16.1 |
Marital status | ||
Not currently married | 1048 | 15.8 |
Pregnancy | ||
Primiparous | 1620 | 24.5 |
Multiple | 151 | 2.3 |
Unintended | 2886 | 43.6 |
Mistimed | 2231 | 33.7 |
Unwanted | 655 | 9.9 |
Antenatal care | ||
Attended ≥1 antenatal care visit | 6591 | 99.5 |
Attended ≥4 antenatal care visits | 3022 | 45.6 |
Delivery risk | ||
0 risk factors | 2152 | 32.5 |
1 risk factor | 3062 | 46.2 |
2 risk factors | 929 | 14.0 |
3 risk factors | 465 | 7.0 |
4 risk factors | 17 | 0.3 |
5 risk factors | 0 | 0.0 |
Caesarean delivery predetermined | 105 | 1.6 |
Note that delivery risk was calculated from five MES items for woman’s last pregnancy. Number of risk factors that each woman reported. Risk factors included maternal age <19 years, incomplete antenatal care (<4 visits), primiparity, giving birth to multiples (eg, twins) and giving birth to a very small neonate (<2500 g, or a neonate described as very small if no birth weight data).
MES, Millennium Development Goal Endline Survey.