Table 5

Individual-level characteristics of class 2 compared with class 1

Alternative	Coefficient	Robust SE	p-value for difference
Wealth
Poorest	Reference
Poor	−0.072	0.102	0.482
Middle	−0.002	0.104	0.984
Rich	0.099	0.109	0.366
Richest	0.316	0.133	0.018
Urban/rural
Rural	Reference
Urban	−0.007	0.127	0.958
Woman’s age	0.140	0.067	<0.05
Spouse or partner age	−0.092	0.063	0.147
Education
Primary education or below (includes preschool)	Reference
Secondary education or above	0.485	0.096	<0.001
Literacy
Literate	Reference
Illiterate	−0.190	0.079	0.017
Blind or visually impaired	11.377	96.637	0.906
Primiparous	0.305	0.176	0.084
Multiple birth (eg, twins)	1.009	0.249	<0.001
Woman’s pregnancy unwanted	0.354	0.249	<0.001
At least four antenatal care visits during pregnancy	−0.008	0.131	0.951
Delivery risk score (scale 0–5)	−0.031	0.111	0.782
Caesarean delivery planned before labour onset	2.428	0.411	<0.001

Twelve individual-level variables were included based on best fit of the formula to the dataset. Note that few women (n=3) reported being ‘blind or visually impaired’. The coefficient denotes the log OR in comparison with the reference within each category and the other class.