Control communities | SASA! communities | ||||||
Model 1 OR* (95% CI) | Model 2 OR* (95% CI) | Model 3 OR* (95% CI) | Model 1 OR* (95% CI) | Model 2 OR* (95% CI) | Model 3 OR* (95% CI) | Model 4 OR* (95% CI) | |
Demographics | |||||||
Age (years) | |||||||
18–24 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
25–34 | 2.53 (1.05 to 6.09) | 2.40 (0.94 to 5.94) | 2.44 (0.96 to 6.20) | 0.86 (0.41 to 1.80) | 0.78 (0.38 to 1.61) | 0.71 (0.32 to 1.58) | 0.76 (0.31 to 1.88) |
35–49 | 2.61 (1.15 to 5.94) | 2.41 (1.03 to 5.68) | 2.06 (0.84 to 5.05) | 1.33 (0.57 to 3.11) | 1.20 (0.51 to 2.84) | 1.06 (0.42 to 2.73) | 1.17 (0.40 to 3.45) |
Relationship duration | |||||||
Not in relationship | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
0–3 years | 0.46 (0.23 to 0.94) | 0.45 (0.22 to 0.92) | 0.54 (0.27 to 1.11) | 1.06 (0.43 to 2.58) | 1.13 (0.45 to 2.80) | 0.92 (0.31 to 2.76) | 0.71 (0.26 to 1.93) |
>3 years | 0.97 (0.51 to 1.84) | 0.97 (0.50 to 1.89) | 1.01 (0.51 to 2.00) | 2.20 (1.04 to 4.66) | 2.49 (1.10 to 5.66) | 2.16 (0.92 to 5.06) | 1.73 (0.70 to 4.28) |
Currently employed | |||||||
No | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
Yes | 0.84 (0.45 to 1.54) | 0.85 (0.46 to 1.58) | 0.75 (0.40 to 1.40) | 2.51 (1.22 to 5.16) | 2.44 (1.14 to 5.26) | 2.80 (1.28 to 6.12) | 2.63 (1.23 to 5.65) |
Childhood experiences of abuse | |||||||
Any abuse related experience as a child (witnessed IPV, badly beaten or CSA) | |||||||
No | – | – | – | – | – | ||
Yes | 1.15 (0.55 to 2.44) | 1.20 (0.57 to 2.53) | 2.21 (1.20 to 4.05) | 1.66 (0.87 to 3.15) | 1.73 (0.89 to 3.34) | ||
Ties to community | |||||||
How long lived in the community (years) | |||||||
1–3 | – | – | – | ||||
≥4 | 1.64 (0.93 to 2.89) | 0.98 (0.57 to 1.70) | 0.88 (0.48 to 1.61) | ||||
How often talk to neighbours | |||||||
Never/less than once a week | – | – | – | ||||
Once a week | 1.82 (0.64 to 5.18) | 2.86 (0.97 to 8.45) | 2.62 (1.01 to 6.82) | ||||
Daily | 1.00 (0.40 to 2.50) | 4.10 (2.01 to 8.35) | 2.47 (1.03 to 5.94) | ||||
Adult experiences of violence | |||||||
Ever experienced physical/sexual IPV | |||||||
No | – | – | – | ||||
Yes | 0.79 (0.42 to 1.47) | 2.05 (1.06 to 3.96) | 1.67 (0.85 to 3.25) | ||||
Attitudes | |||||||
Attitudes supportive of wife-beating | |||||||
No | – | – | – | ||||
Yes | 0.71 (0.46 to 1.11) | 0.25 (0.12 to 0.55) | 0.28 (0.13 to 0.60) | ||||
Believes okay for a woman to tell if experiencing IPV | |||||||
No | – | – | – | ||||
Yes | 1.33 (0.80 to 2.21) | 3.38 (1.77 to 6.46) | 2.85 (1.55 to 5.22) | ||||
SASA! exposure | |||||||
Reported exposure to SASA! | |||||||
None | – | ||||||
Low/moderate | 2.08 (1.02 to 4.24) | ||||||
High | 6.45 (2.35 to 17.74) |
*Adjusted for community as a fixed effect. SE calculated using cluster robust option.
CSA, child sexual abuse; IPV, intimate partner violence.