Programme | Intervention | Providers and roles | ||
CHN CMA | HSA EHO | CHVs in CHBC | ||
Community and environmental health | 1. Vermin and vector control and promotion | X | ||
2. Disease surveillance | X | X | ||
3. Community health promotion and engagement | X | X | ||
4. Village inspections (emergencies, health and safety) | X | |||
5. Promotion of hygiene (hand washing with soap and food safety) | X | X | ||
6. Promotion of sanitation (latrine refuse, drop hole covers, solid waste disposal) | X | X | ||
7. Occupational health promotion (climate change and health) | X | X | ||
8. Household water quality testing and treatment | X | |||
9. Home-based care for chronically ill patients | X | X | ||
HIV/AIDS | 1. HIV testing services | X | X | |
2. Viral load (collection of samples only) | X | |||
3. Prevention of mother-to-child transmission | X | |||
4. Cotrimoxazole for children | X | |||
5. Antiretroviral treatment (all ages) | X | |||
Non-communicable diseases | 1. Basic psychosocial support, advice and follow-up | X | X | |
2. Antiepileptic medication | X | X | ||
3. Treatment of depression (first line) | X | |||
Tuberculosis | 1. First-line treatment for new tuberculosis (children) | X | ||
2. First-line treatment for retreatment tuberculosis (children) | X | |||
Malaria | 1. First-line uncomplicated malaria treatment (adults) | X | ||
2. First-line uncomplicated malaria treatment (children) | X | |||
3. Malaria rapid diagnostic test | X | |||
Vaccine-preventable diseases | 1. Rotavirus vaccine; measles rubella vaccine, pneumococcal vaccine, BCG vaccine; polio vaccine; pentavalent vaccine; human papilloma virus vaccine | X | ||
Reproductive, maternal, neonatal and child health | 1. Distribution of insecticide-treated nets to pregnant women | X | X | |
2. Modern family planning: injectable, contraceptive pills, male condoms | X | X | ||
3. Tetanus toxoid (pregnant women) | X | X | ||
4. Deworming (pregnant women) | X | |||
5. Daily iron and folic acid supplementation (pregnant women) | X | |||
6. Syphilis detection, treatment (pregnant women) | X | |||
7. Child protection | X | X | ||
Integrated community case management | 1. Growth monitoring | X | ||
2. Pneumonia treatment (children) | X | |||
3. Diarrhoeal diseases; oral rehydration salts, zinc | X | |||
4. Malaria rapid diagnosis test (under 5) | X | |||
5. Community management of nutrition in under 5 (ie, plumpy nut, micronutrient powder and vitamin A) | X | |||
Nutrition | 1. Vitamin A supplementation (pregnant women) | X | ||
2. Management of severe malnutrition (children) | X | |||
3. Deworming (children) | X | |||
4. Vitamin A supplementation (6–59 months) | X | |||
Neglected tropical disease | 1. Schistosomiasis mass drug distribution | X | ||
2. Trachoma mass drug administration | X |
Clinical community health team: CHN (community health nurse) and CMA (community midwife assistant). Non-clinical community health team: HSA (health surveillance assistant), SHSA (senior HSA), EHO (environmental health officer), supported with CHVs (community health volunteers). CHVs in CHBC: data from interviews, meetings and observation of activities led by CHVs in community-based/faith-based organisations, providing community home-based care (CHBC). Source: National Community Health Strategy (2017–2022), Health Sector Strategic Plan II (2017–2022) and data synthesised from a qualitative study on CHBC programmes in Phalombe district.