Effect of a 1-month increase in length of paid maternity leave policy on the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding under 6 months among infants 0–5 months of age
| Model 1 (n=84 593) | Model 2 (n=82 081) | Model 3 (n=82 081) | |
| Exposure | |||
| One-month increase in length of paid maternity leave policy | 5.87 (1.94 to 9.80) | 6.20 (2.07 to 10.33) | 5.86 (1.95 to 9.77) |
| Household-level and individual-level covariates | |||
| Number of listed household members | 0.14 (0.02 to 0.25) | 0.14 (0.02 to 0.26) | |
| Household wealth | |||
| Poorest | Ref | Ref | |
| Poorer | −0.33 (−1.12 to 0.45) | −0.35 (−1.14 to 0.43) | |
| Middle | −0.13 (−1.42 to 1.17) | −0.13 (−1.43 to 1.17) | |
| Richer | −0.97 (−2.55 to 0.61) | −0.98 (−2.57 to 0.60) | |
| Richest | −1.95 (−3.83 to −0.08) | −1.94 (−3.77 to −0.10) | |
| Place of residence | |||
| Urban | Ref | Ref | |
| Rural | −0.07 (−1.54 to 1.40) | −0.07 (−1.55 to 1.42) | |
| Mother’s age at childbirth (years) | 0.04 (−0.06 to 0.14) | 0.04 (−0.06 to 0.13) | |
| Mother’s number of living children | 0.21 (−0.58 to 1.01) | 0.24 (−0.53 to 1.00) | |
| Maternal education | |||
| No education | Ref | Ref | |
| Incomplete primary | −1.25 (−3.08 to 0.59) | −1.21 (−3.03 to 0.61) | |
| Complete primary | −0.42 (−2.25 to 1.41) | −0.46 (−2.28 to 1.37) | |
| Incomplete secondary | −0.79 (−2.66 to 1.07) | −0.83 (−2.70 to 1.05) | |
| Complete secondary | 1.97 (−0.87 to 4.81) | 1.93 (−0.88 to 4.74) | |
| Higher | 3.92 (0.40 to 7.43) | 3.87 (0.41 to 7.32) | |
| Mother’s current marital status | |||
| Never in union | Ref | Ref | |
| Married | 2.33 (-0.13 to 4.79) | 2.26 (−0.24 to 4.75) | |
| Living with partner | 3.06 (1.33 to 4.79) | 3.10 (1.33 to 4.88) | |
| Separated/divorced/widowed | −0.27 (−2.63 to 2.10) | −0.32 (−2.67 to 2.04) | |
| Mother worked in the last 12 months | |||
| Did not work | Ref | Ref | |
| Worked in the past year | 0.49 (-1.06 to 2.03) | 0.62 (−0.91 to 2.15) | |
| Currently working | −2.56 (−3.62 to −1.51) | −2.50 (−3.57 to −1.44) | |
| Have a job, but on leave last 7 days | 5.17 (3.54 to 6.80) | 5.57 (3.74 to 7.39) | |
| Child’s birth order | −0.38 (−1.09 to 0.32) | −0.41 (−1.08 to 0.27) | |
| Child’s sex | |||
| Male | Ref | Ref | |
| Female | 0.40 (−0.15 to 0.95) | 0.40 (−0.15 to 0.96) | |
| Country-level covariates | |||
| Gross domestic product per capita | −0.35 (−1.79 to 1.09) | ||
| Health expenditure per capita | −0.05 (−1.03 to 0.93) | ||
| Percentage of females aged 15–64 participating in the labour force | 0.00 (0.00 to 0.00) | ||
| Unemployment female (percentage of female labour force) | −0.42 (−1.21 to 0.37) | ||
Reported estimates are marginal effects at the means, which were multiplied by 100 in order to be interpreted as the percentage point difference in prevalence.
The 95% CIs are in parentheses.
Model 1 includes country and year fixed effects.
Model 2 additionally controlled for measured individual and household characteristics.
Model 3 additionally controlled for country-level characteristics.