Standardised parameter estimates for indirect effects in tested models†‡
Predictor | Mediators | Outcome | Total indirect | |
Non-diarrhoeal stools | ||||
Full sample | Illness | Haemoglobin | Cognitive score | −0.03*** |
Non-diarrhoeal pathogen detection | Haemoglobin, illness | Cognitive score | −0.04*** | |
B vitamin intake§ | Non-diarrhoeal pathogen detection, illness | Cognitive score | 0.05*** | |
Lower weight | Illness | Haemoglobin | Cognitive score | −0.04*** |
Non-diarrhoeal pathogen detection | Haemoglobin, illness | Cognitive score | −0.05*** | |
B vitamin intake§ | Non-diarrhoeal pathogen detection, illness | Cognitive score | 0.04*** | |
Higher weight | Illness | Haemoglobin | Cognitive score | −0.04* |
Non-diarrhoeal pathogen detection | – | Cognitive score | −0.01 | |
B vitamin intake§ | Non-diarrhoeal pathogen detection, illness | Cognitive score | 0.05** | |
Diarrhoeal stools | ||||
Full sample | Illness | Haemoglobin | Cognitive score | −0.03*** |
Diarrhoeal pathogen detection | Haemoglobin, illness | Cognitive score | −0.04*** | |
B vitamin intake§ | Diarrhoeal pathogen detection, illness | Cognitive score | 0.04*** | |
Lower weight | Illness | Haemoglobin | Cognitive score | −0.04** |
Diarrhoeal pathogen detection | Haemoglobin, illness | Cognitive score | −0.06*** | |
B vitamin intake§ | – | Cognitive score | 0.02 | |
Higher weight | Illness | Haemoglobin | Cognitive score | −0.04* |
Diarrhoeal pathogen detection | Haemoglobin, illness | Cognitive score | −0.04** | |
B vitamin intake§ | Diarrhoeal pathogen detection, illness | Cognitive score | 0.05* |
***P<0.001, **p<0.01, *p<0.05. Statistically significant relationships are in bold.
†Parameter estimates (ie, relationships between variables) are often much smaller in structural equation model analyses than in linear regression analyses because so many variables are accounted for. However, small relationships can be meaningful, especially when multiple paths of influence are involved.
‡Number of children included in model by site:
Full sample model: BGD=184; BRF=128; INV=227; PKN=197; PEL=242; SAV=195.
Lower and higher weight models: BGD=61; BRF=43; INV=76; PKN=66; PEL=81; SAV=65.
§Comprised the average vitamin B6 and the average folate intakes (as two separate variables) from 9 to 24 months.
BGD, Bangladesh; BRF, Brazil; INV, India; PEL, Peru; PKN, Pakistan; SAV, South Africa.