Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) and Multiple Indicator and Cluster Surveys (MICS) included in the analytical sample
| Country | DHS | MICS |
| Bangladesh | 2004 | |
| Benin | 2006; 2011/2012 | |
| Burkina Faso | 2010 | 2006 |
| Burundi | 2010/2011 | 2005 |
| Colombia | 2010 | |
| Congo (Brazzaville) | 2011/2012 | |
| Côte d’Ivoire | 2011/2012 | 2006 |
| Gabon | 2012 | |
| Ghana | 2008; 2014 | |
| Guinea | 2012 | |
| Haiti | 2005/2006; 2012 | |
| Honduras | 2005/2006; 2012 | |
| Kenya | 2003; 2014 | |
| Lao People’s Democratic Republic | 2011/2012 | |
| Liberia | 2007; 2011; 2013 | |
| Malawi | 2010 | |
| Mali | 2001; 2006; 2012/2013 | |
| Mozambique | 2011 | |
| Niger | 2012 | |
| Rwanda | 2005; 2010 | |
| Senegal | 2006; 2012–2014 | |
| Sierra Leone | 2008; 2013 | 2005 |
| Swaziland | 2006–2007 | 2010 |
| Tajikistan | 2005 | |
| Timor-Leste | 2009/2010 | |
| Togo | 2013/2014 | 2006 |
| Zambia | 2007; 2013/2014 | |
| Zimbabwe | 2005/2006; 2010/2011 |