Table 2

Study characteristics

Lead author and yearCountrySettingPopulationCrisis typeCrisis stageStudy designInterventionQuality
Curry et al16 
2015		Chad, DRC, Djibouti, Mali, PakistanRural/urbanGeneral/refugee/IDPArmed conflict and natural disasterAcuteCross-sectionalTraining, facility supervision, supply of contraceptives, community mobilisation and awareness raisingModerate
Howard et al25 
2008		GuineaCampRefugeeArmed conflictStabilisedCross-sectionalDevelopment of a refugee-led ‘Reproductive Health Group’High
Huber et al17 
2010		AfghanistanRuralGeneralArmed conflictChronicPrepost studyHealth education, community health workers delivery of injectable contraceptivesModerate
Casey et al26 
2013		UgandaRuralIDP/generalArmed conflictStabilisedCross-sectionalMobile outreach and public health centre strengtheningHigh
Adam27 
2016		SudanCampIDPArmed conflictChronicCross-sectionalHome counselling and awareness raisingHigh
Raheel et al28 
2012		PakistanUrbanRefugeeArmed conflictStabilisedCross-sectionalSubsidised healthcare (90% subsidies for doctor’s visits, hospital visits, emergency care, free family planning, excluding prescriptions)High
Casey et al29 
2006		Sierra LeoneUrbanGeneral/IDPArmed conflictChronic (stabilised)Prepost studyHIV prevention activitiesHigh
Logie et al30 
2014		HaitiCampIDPNatural disasterChronic (stabilised)CohortPsycho-educational HIV/STI prevention delivered by peer health workersHigh
Culbert et al18 
2007		DRCUrbanGeneralArmed conflictChronic (acute)CohortInitiation of antiretroviral treatmentModerate
Goodrich et al19 
2013		KenyaRural/campGeneral/IDPArmed conflictAcutePrepost studyRapid information dissemination, disaster response plan (including outreach activities)Moderate
Adam31 
2015		SudanCampIDPArmed conflictChronic (acute)Cross-sectionalInterpersonal communication and mass education campaignsHigh
Groppi et al20 
2015		South SudanUrban/ruralGeneralArmed conflictChronic (acute)Cross-sectionalAmbulance-based referral system to hospital for emergency obstetric careModerate
Hadi et al32 
2007		AfghanistanRuralGeneralArmed conflictChronic (stabilised)Prepost studyIntroduction of a community-based safe motherhood programmeHigh
Fujiya et al21 
2007		Occupied Palestinian TerritoriesUrbanGeneralArmed conflictAcutePrepost studyHealth insurance scheme and reduction in cost of hospital-based deliveriesModerate
Kandeh et al12 
1997		Sierra LeoneRuralGeneralArmed conflictAcutePrepost studyDistribution of drug kits, staff training, facility renovation, training and deployment of community motivatorsLow
Ayoya et al15 
2013		HaitiUrbanGeneralNatural disasterAcuteCross-sectionalBaby tent breastfeeding stationsLow
Purdin et al22 
2009		PakistanUrban/ruralRefugeeArmed conflictChronic (acute)Prepost studyComprehensive emergency obstetric care programmeModerate
Leigh et al23 
1997		Sierra LeoneRuralGeneralArmed conflictChronic (acute)Prepost studyStaff recruitment, staff training, operating theatre and blood bank setupModerate
Samai and Sengeh24 
1997		Sierra LeoneUrbanGeneralArmed conflictAcuteControlled pre-postFour-wheel drive vehicle posted at hospital for referrals, with motorbikes posted to facilitate connections with rural areasModerate
Tanabe et al34 
2013		MyanmarUrban/ruralGeneralArmed conflictChronic (acute)QualitativeCommunity-based medical care for survivors of sexual assault, with referrals to mobile clinicsHigh
Qayum et al13 
2013		PakistanCampIDPArmed conflictChronic (stabilised)Cross-sectionalMISP with focus on clean delivery kitsLow
von Roenne et al14 
2010		GuineaRuralRefugeeArmed conflictChronic (stabilised)Cross-sectionalTraining of lay reproductive health facilitators and staff, service provision from medically trained refugeesLow
Mullany et al33 
2010		MyanmarRuralIDPArmed conflictChronic (stabilised)Cross-sectionalThree-tiered network of community-based providers: (1) traditional birth attendants; (2) health workers; (3) maternal health workersHigh