Eastern Cape | Free State | Gauteng | KZN | Limpopo | Mpumalanga | Northern Cape | North West | Western Cape | |||||||||||||||||||
n=1 36 148 | n=64 409 | n=2 99 406 | n=2 93 601 | n=1 96 386 | n=1 33 150 | n=18 660 | n=99 920 | n=96 140 | |||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted OR | 95% CI | P value | Adjusted OR | 95% CI | P value | Adjusted OR | 95% CI | P value | Adjusted OR | 95% CI | P value | Adjusted OR | 95% CI | P value | Adjusted OR | 95% CI | P value | Adjusted OR | 95% CI | P value | Adjusted OR | 95% CI | P value | Adjusted OR | 95% CI | P value | |
First trimester registration (≤90 days) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nationality | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
South African National ID | 1.00 | 0.93 to 1.07 | 0.95 | 1.12 | 0.99 to 1.27 | 0.08 | 1.01 | 0.92 to 1.11 | 0.81 | 0.72 | 0.68 to 0.77 | 0.00 | 0.97 | 0.91 to 1.04 | 0.42 | 0.86 | 0.80 to 0.92 | 0.00 | 0.97 | 0.83 to 1.13 | 0.69 | 0.90 | 0.81 to 0.99 | 0.03 | 0.94 | 0.82 to 1.09 | 0.44 |
Age (years) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
<25 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
26–30 | 1.24 | 1.05 to 1.18 | 0.00 | 1.19 | 1.13 to 1.26 | 0.00 | 1.00 | 0.97 to 1.03 | 0.92 | 1.09 | 1.06 to 1.12 | 0.00 | 1.11 | 1.07 to 1.14 | 0.00 | 1.15 | 1.10 to 1.19 | 0.00 | 1.13 | 1.04 to 1.23 | 0.01 | 1.11 | 1.06 to 1.16 | 0.00 | 1.14 | 1.08 to 1.20 | 0.00 |
31–35 | 1.17 | 0.93 to 1.07 | 0.00 | 1.14 | 1.07 to 1.22 | 0.00 | 0.93 | 0.90 to 0.96 | 0.00 | 1.06 | 1.02 to 1.10 | 0.00 | 1.06 | 1.02 to 1.10 | 0.00 | 1.16 | 1.11 to 1.21 | 0.00 | 1.03 | 0.94 to 1.13 | 0.50 | 1.05 | 0.99 to 1.11 | 0.13 | 1.06 | 1.01 to 1.12 | 0.02 |
35+ | 1.02 | 0.19 to 0.22 | 0.37 | 0.95 | 0.89 to 1.01 | 0.10 | 0.81 | 0.77 to 0.85 | 0.00 | 0.90 | 0.85 to 0.94 | 0.00 | 0.94 | 0.90 to 0.98 | 0.00 | 0.85 | 0.80 to 0.90 | 0.00 | 0.92 | 0.82 to 1.02 | 0.11 | 0.84 | 0.79 to 0.91 | 0.00 | 0.98 | 0.92 to 1.05 | 0.58 |
Language | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
English | 1.11 | 1.05 to 1.18 | 0.00 | 0.91 | 0.085 to 0.96 | 0.00 | 1.04 | 0.97 to 1.11 | 0.27 | 0.92 | 0.88 to 0.97 | 0.00 | 0.87 | 0.83 to 0.91 | 0.00 | 0.97 | 0.92 to 1.02 | 0.00 | 0.97 | 0.84 to 1.11 | 0.65 | 1.00 | 0.94 to 1.06 | 0.90 | 0.83 | 0.75 to 0.99 | 0.00 |
First and second trimester registration (<190 days) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nationality | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
South African National ID | 1.16 | 1.09 to 1.24 | 0.00 | 1.19 | 1.07 to 1.33 | 0.00 | 1.04 | 0.96 to 1.13 | 0.32 | 0.80 | 0.74 to 0.87 | 0.00 | 1.19 | 1.08 to 1.32 | 0.00 | 1.20 | 1.17 to 1.24 | 0.00 | 1.20 | 1.01 to 1.44 | 0.04 | 1.05 | 0.93 to 1.18 | 0.41 | 1.02 | 0.89 to 1.17 | 0.79 |
Age (years) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
<25 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
26–30 | 1.15 | 1.11 to 1.19 | 0.00 | 1.08 | 1.03 to 1.13 | 0.00 | 1.03 | 1.00 to 1.06 | 0.04 | 1.06 | 1.03 to 1.09 | 0.00 | 1.07 | 1.04 to 1.10 | 0.00 | 1.06 | 1.02 to 1.10 | 0.00 | 1.08 | 1.00 to 1.16 | 0.05 | 1.09 | 1.03 to 1.14 | 0.00 | 1.06 | 1.00 to 1.12 | 0.06 |
31–35 | 1.15 | 1.11 to 1.20 | 0.00 | 1.12 | 1.06 to 1.19 | 0.00 | 0.98 | 0.95 to 1.02 | 0.33 | 1.10 | 1.06 to 1.14 | 0.00 | 1.08 | 1.05 to 1.12 | 0.00 | 1.08 | 1.03 to 1.13 | 0.00 | 1.10 | 1.00 to 1.20 | 0.05 | 1.02 | 0.96 to 1.09 | 0.43 | 1.08 | 1.00 to 1.15 | 0.04 |
35+ | 0.88 | 0.84 to 0.93 | 0.00 | 0.84 | 0.77 to 0.91 | 0.00 | 0.71 | 0.66 to 0.76 | 0.00 | 0.70 | 0.65 to 0.76 | 0.00 | 0.80 | 0.75 to 0.86 | 0.00 | 0.58 | 0.53 to 0.64 | 0.00 | 0.76 | 0.65 to 0.90 | 0.00 | 0.69 | 0.62 to 0.78 | 0.00 | 0.99 | 0.89 to 1.09 | 0.80 |
Language | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
English | 1.05 | 0.98 to 1.11 | 0.14 | 1.02 | 0.96 to 1.09 | 0.51 | 1.06 | 1.00 to 1.06 | 0.05 | 0.91 | 0.85 to 0.96 | 0.00 | 0.84 | 0.80 to 0.88 | 0.00 | 0.95 | 0.90 to 1.00 | 0.04 | 1.08 | 0.91 to 1.27 | 0.37 | 1.07 | 1.01 to 1.14 | 0.01 | 1.00 | 0.91 to 1.11 | 0.96 |