Association of past-year IPV with dichotomous district-level fatalities
| Model 1: no covariate model | Model 2: demographic and marriage variables | Model 3: demographic and economic variables | Model 4: demographic, economic, violence and alcohol variables | |||||||||||||
| n=3474 | n=3474 | n=3474 | n=3474 | |||||||||||||
| OR | P values | Low CI | High CI | aOR | P values | Low CI | High CI | aOR | P values | Low CI | High CI | aOR | P values | Low CI | High CI | |
| Districts with fatalities | 2.10 | <0.001 | 1.60 | 2.76 | 2.08 | <0.001 | 1.69 | 2.56 | 2.07 | <0.001 | 1.70 | 2.53 | 1.55 | <0.001 | 1.26 | 1.92 |
| Age | 0.97 | <0.001 | 0.96 | 0.98 | 0.97 | <0.001 | 0.96 | 0.98 | 0.97 | <0.001 | 0.95 | 0.98 | ||||
| Number of children under 5 | 1.07 | 0.105 | 0.99 | 1.15 | 1.06 | 0.114 | 0.99 | 1.14 | 1.05 | 0.190 | 0.97 | 1.14 | ||||
| Education | ||||||||||||||||
| No education (ref) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | ||||
| Primary | 1.18 | 0.025 | 1.02 | 1.37 | 1.19 | 0.024 | 1.02 | 1.38 | 1.21 | 0.020 | 1.03 | 1.42 | ||||
| Secondary and above | 1.18 | 0.139 | 0.95 | 1.46 | 1.19 | 0.189 | 0.92 | 1.56 | 1.28 | 0.068 | 0.98 | 1.66 | ||||
| Religion | ||||||||||||||||
| Christian (ref) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | ||||
| Muslim | 0.79 | 0.265 | 0.53 | 1.19 | 0.79 | 0.259 | 0.52 | 1.19 | 1.01 | 0.948 | 0.65 | 1.58 | ||||
| Other | 1.08 | 0.744 | 0.69 | 1.68 | 1.09 | 0.689 | 0.71 | 1.69 | 1.02 | 0.933 | 0.69 | 1.50 | ||||
| Civil status | ||||||||||||||||
| Married (ref) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | ||||
| Living together | 0.98 | 0.890 | 0.74 | 1.30 | 0.97 | 0.815 | 0.74 | 1.27 | 1.00 | 0.989 | 0.79 | 1.27 | ||||
| Widow/divorced | 1.76 | <0.001 | 1.36 | 2.26 | 1.75 | <0.001 | 1.36 | 2.26 | 1.88 | <0.001 | 1.44 | 2.45 | ||||
| Partner education | ||||||||||||||||
| No education (ref) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | ||||||||
| Primary | 0.94 | 0.631 | 0.74 | 1.20 | 0.94 | 0.616 | 0.74 | 1.20 | 0.94 | 0.597 | 0.73 | 1.20 | ||||
| Secondary and above | 0.83 | 0.059 | 0.69 | 1.01 | 0.83 | 0.045 | 0.69 | 1.00 | 0.82 | 0.039 | 0.68 | 0.99 | ||||
| Age married | 1.00 | 0.776 | 0.97 | 1.02 | 1.00 | 0.802 | 0.98 | 1.02 | 1.00 | 0.923 | 0.98 | 1.02 | ||||
| Wealth | ||||||||||||||||
| Poorest (ref) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | ||||||||
| Poorer | 1.14 | 0.443 | 0.81 | 1.60 | 1.16 | 0.370 | 0.84 | 1.59 | ||||||||
| Middle | 1.08 | 0.573 | 0.83 | 1.40 | 1.10 | 0.485 | 0.84 | 1.43 | ||||||||
| Richer | 1.20 | 0.160 | 0.93 | 1.55 | 1.24 | 0.092 | 0.97 | 1.58 | ||||||||
| Richest | 1.02 | 0.908 | 0.71 | 1.47 | 1.10 | 0.649 | 0.73 | 1.67 | ||||||||
| Employment | ||||||||||||||||
| Did not work in the past 12 months | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | ||||||||
| Worked in the past 12 months | 1.02 | 0.785 | 0.88 | 1.19 | 0.95 | 0.571 | 0.81 | 1.12 | ||||||||
| Aggregate violence measure | ||||||||||||||||
| No violent experiences | – | – | – | – | ||||||||||||
| Violent experiences | 1.99 | <0.001 | 1.54 | 2.58 | ||||||||||||
| Alcohol | ||||||||||||||||
| Partner does not drink alcohol | – | – | – | – | ||||||||||||
| Partner drinks alcohol | 2.40 | <0.001 | 2.01 | 2.86 | ||||||||||||
Values in bold are significant at the P<0.05 level.
aOR, adjusted OR; IPV, intimate partner violence.