Table 1

Description of the characteristics of low-income and middle-income countries included in analyses

Variable	Source	Scale	N	Mean	SD	Minimum	Maximum
CCI	International Center for Equity in Health	0%–100%	80	70.5	13.3	33.5	89.8
Concentration index for CCI	International Center for Equity in Health	−100 to +100	80	5.34	5.10	−1.26	27.84
Slope index for CCI	International Center for Equity in Health	−100 to +100 per cent points	80	19.75	14.72	−6.29	69.75
Control of corruption	World Bank governance indicators	−2.5 to +2.5 z-scores	80	−0.68	0.44	−1.50	0.83
Government effectiveness	World Bank governance indicators	−2.5 to +2.5 z-scores	80	−0.68	0.47	−1.63	0.34
Political stability and absence of violence	World Bank governance indicators	−2.5 to +2.5 z-scores	80	−0.63	0.79	−2.69	0.93
Regulatory quality	World Bank governance indicators	−2.5 to +2.5 z-scores	80	−0.56	0.54	−2.18	0.49
Rule of law	World Bank governance indicators	−2.5 to +2.5 z-scores	80	−0.68	0.46	−1.58	0.42
Voice and accountability	World Bank governance indicators	−2.5 to +2.5 z-scores	80	−0.56	0.66	−2.04	1.04
GDP per capita	World Bank	Per capita GDP (US$, power purchasing parity), log scale	79	8.23	0.89	6.54	9.93
Gini index for income	World Bank	0–100	80	39.92	9.10	16.64	60.97
Country surface area	World Bank	Square kilometres (million)	80	0.49	0.64	0.00	2.97
Country population	World Bank	Inhabitants (million)	80	40.35	132.55	0.16	1144.33

CCI, composite coverage index; GDP, gross domestic product; n, number of countries.