Factors associated with the likelihood of living in a noma village versus non-noma village (univariable and multivariable analyses)
| Univariable analyses | Multivariable model | |||||
| OR | 95% CI | p Value | OR | 95% CI | p Value | |
| Age, months | 1.00 | 0.99 to 1.02 | 0.703 | – | – | – |
| Arm circumference (cm) | 0.69 | 0.57 to 0.82 | <0.001 | 0.73 | 0.60 to 0.89 | 0.002 |
| Height-for-age z-score | 0.86 | 0.76 to 0.97 | 0.014 | 0.85 | 0.74 to 0.98 | 0.022 |
| Weight-for-height z-score | 0.96 | 0.85 to 1.07 | 0.461 | – | – | – |
| Weight-for-age z-score | 0.83 | 0.71 to 0.97 | 0.022 | – | – | – |
| Number of persons at home | 1.13 | 1.07 to 1.19 | <0.001 | – | – | – |
| Number of past pregnancies of the mother | 1.16 | 1.08 to 1.24 | <0.001 | – | – | – |
| Sibling chronological order>fifth position (reference first to fourth position) | 1.83 | 1.22 to 2.73 | 0.003 | 1.90 | 1.20 to 3.01 | 0.006 |
| Categories of exclusive breast feeding (reference 4–6 months) | 2.15 | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
| No exclusive breast feeding | 2.15 | 1.35 to 3.43 | 0.001 | 2.52 | 1.50 to 4.23 | <0.001 |
| 1–3 months | 2.85 | 1.52 to 5.35 | 0.001 | 2.76 | 1.41 to 5.42 | 0.003 |
| Products used for tooth cleaning (reference toothbrush or water) | <0.001 | 0.002 | ||||
| Water and soap/water and sand/water and coal/other products/combinations | 2.00 | 1.36 to 2.93 | 2.00 | 1.28 to 3.11 | ||
| Past gingival pain | 0.22 | (0.06 to 0.78) | 0.019 | – | – | – |
| Past gingival bleeding | 0.15 | (0.03 to 0.66) | 0.012 | – | – | – |