Baseline characteristics by country in entire and matched cohorts
| Entire cohort | Matched cohort | |||||
| India | USA | p Value | India | USA | p Value‡ | |
| n | 10 089 | 14 144 | 7505 | 9448 | ||
| Sex, female* | 2058 (20.4) | 5637 (39.9) | <0.001 | 1356 (18.1) | 3141 (33.2) | <0.001 |
| Sex, male* | 8030 (79.6) | 8507 (60.1) | <0.001 | 6149 (81.9) | 6307 (66.8) | <0.001 |
| Age* | 32.9±19.2 | 53.1±22.6 | <0.0001 | 32.9±20 | 52.8±24 | <0.0001 |
| ISS* | 11±7 | 8±7 | <0.0001 | 10±6 | 8±6 | <0.001 |
| RTS* | 4.08±1.6 | 7.64±0.9 | <0.0001 | 4.41±1.4 | 7.66±0.8 | <0.0001 |
| GCS* | 12±3 | 14±1 | <0.0001 | 13±1 | 14±1 | <0.001 |
| Blunt injury* | 9622 (95.5) | 12 744 (94.9) | 0.029 | 7203 (96.1) | 9125 (96.8) | 0.014 |
| Penetrating injury* | 456 (4.5) | 691 (5.1) | 0.029 | 296 (3.9) | 306 (3.2) | 0.014 |
| Surgery* | 2867 (28.5) | 710 (5.2) | <0.001 | 2, 072 (27.7) | 436 (4.6) | <0.001 |
| Ventilation days* | 1.2±5.9 | 12±2.5 | <0.0001 | 1.0±6.2 | 11±2.4 | <0.0001 |
| ICU days* | 1.5±6.0 | 1.1±3.5 | 0.3324 | 1.3±6.3 | 1.1±3.4 | 0.0012 |
| Hospital LOS* | 7.2±12.6 | 4.7±6.4 | <0.0001 | 7.2±12.0 | 4.6±6.2 | <0.0001 |
| In-hospital death* | 1928 (22.9) | 422 (3.0) | <0.001 | 988 (15.8) | 265 (2.8) | <0.001 |
Numbers reported as mean ± SD or count (percentage).
Bolded variables were used for matching.
*χ2 test for association between variable and country and Wilcoxon rank-sum test for difference in means between countries.
GCS, Glasgow Coma Score; ICU, Intensive Care Unit; ISS, Injury Severity Score; LOS, length of stay; RTS, Revised Trauma Score.