Healthcare usage and self-reported insurance coverage of non-domestic migrant workers, HealthServe clinics and foreign worker dormitory, 23 July–28 August 2016*
| Characteristic (number of respondents, n) | Bangladeshi (N=293) | Indian (N=85) | Chinese (N=52) | All (N=433) | Bangladeshi vs non-Bangladeshi (reference category)† | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| p Value | OR (95% CI) | |||||
| No. seen by a doctor in Singapore before besides pre-employment examination (%) (n=431)‡ | 256 (88) | 60 (71) | 44 (85) | 362 (84) | 0.001 | 2.4 (1.4 to 4.0) |
| Number of visits to healthcare facilities in the past year, no. (%) (n=431) | ||||||
| 0 | 20 (7) | 32 (38) | 0 (0) | 52 (12) | <0.0001 | 0.59 (0.14 to 0.46) |
| 1 | 66 (23) | 19 (22) | 16 (31) | 103 (24) | 0.39 | 0.82 (0.51 to 1.3) |
| 2 | 42 (14) | 7 (8) | 10 (19) | 60 (14) | 0.66 | 1.1 (0.63 to 2.1) |
| 3 | 34 (12) | 9 (11) | 6 (12) | 49 (11) | 0.77 | 1.1 (0.58 to 2.1) |
| 4 or more | 129 (44) | 18 (21) | 20 (39) | 167 (39) | 0.001 | 2.1 (1.4 to 3.3) |
| Hospitalised before in Singapore, no. (%) (n=432) | 46 (16) | 6 (7) | 8 (15) | 60 (14) | 0.11 | 1.7 (0.89 to 3.2) |
| Has insurance, no. (%) (n=430) | ||||||
| Yes | 172 (59) | 55 (65) | 36 (71) | 264 (61) | 0.46 | 0.81 (0.47 to 1.4) |
| No | 53 (18) | 11 (13) | 11 (22) | 76 (18) | ||
| Unsure§ | 66 (23) | 19 (22) | 4 (8) | 90 (21) | ||
| Insurance covers for inpatient expenses, no. (%) (n=354¶) | ||||||
| Yes | 96 (40) | 26 (35) | 10 (25) | 132 (37) | 1.0** | 0.53 (0.06 to 4.7) |
| No | 5 (2) | 0 (0) | 1 (3) | 6 (2) | ||
| Unsure§ | 137 (58) | 48 (65) | 29 (73) | 216 (61) | ||
| Insurance covers for outpatient expenses, no. (%) (n=354¶) | ||||||
| Yes | 70 (29) | 20 (27) | 6 (15) | 96 (27) | 0.88 | 0.93 (0.39 to 2.3) |
| No | 26 (11) | 6 (8) | 3 (8) | 35 (10) | ||
| Unsure§ | 142 (60) | 48 (65) | 31 (78) | 223 (63) | ||
*p Values by Pearson χ2 test except otherwise indicated. Reference population used for p values and OR are non-Bangladeshis.
†Non-Bangladeshi group include Indians (n=85), Chinese (n=52), Malaysian (n=1), Burmese (n=1) and Vietnamese (n=1). The χ2 test was performed comparing Bangladeshis versus non-Bangladeshis (the latter being the reference category). This section consists of questions to which answers were ‘Yes’, ‘No’ and ‘Unsure’ except when stated otherwise. ‘Unsure’ responses were not included in the statistical analysis.
‡These include healthcare visits to public and private hospitals/clinics, specialist centres like the National Skin Centre and other non-profit clinics.
¶Excluded those who answered that they have no insurance (n=76).
§‘Unsure’ responses were not included in the χ2 test.
**p Values by Fisher's exact test.