Mean (SD) medical expenditure in US$ per disease episode by cost type and diagnosis
| Diagnosis | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cost type | Pneumonia | Diarrhoea | Severe pneumonia with inpatient care | Severe diarrhoea with inpatient care |
| Transportation | 0.97 (2.22) | 0.99 (3.30) | 6.25 (7.66) | 9.64 (11.02) |
| Registration/consultation | 0.82 (1.76) | 0.71 (1.45) | 2.15 (2.72) | 2.18 (2.64) |
| Laboratory | 1.20 (3.48) | 0.88 (2.36) | 7.34 (12.94) | 10.22 (17.05) |
| Medicines and supplies | 4.27 (6.42) | 3.02 (5.28) | 28.53 (30.78) | 28.89 (33.86) |
| Hospital bed | – | – | 12.69 (15.37) | 17.62 (32.96) |
| Traditional healer visit* | 0.11 (0.56) | 0.12 (0.90) | – | 1.15 (4.47) |
| Other† | 0.60 (2.31) | 0.48 (2.09) | 6.81 (6.35) | 9.58 (12.61) |
| DMC‡ | 6.30 (10.51) | 4.65 (8.43) | 50.70 (52.38) | 58.9 (68.95) |
| DNMC‡ | 1.68 (3.85) | 1.59 (4.92) | 13.05 (10.48) | 20.37 (21.44) |
| Total medical expenditure§ | 7.98 (12.83) | 6.24 (11.88) | 63.76 (54.26) | 79.27 (74.38) |
*Among 345 pneumonia cases who visited health facilities 18 had had a visit to a traditional healer with a mean (SD) cost of 1.72 (1.49). Among 341 diarrhoea cases who visited health facilities 16 had had a visit to a traditional healer with a mean (SD) cost of 2.74 (3.39).
†Other costs include expenses incurred for food, lodging, etc.
‡DMC includes registration fee, medicines, laboratory and diagnostics and bed charges while DNMC includes transport, lodging, traditional healer, etc.
§Total medical expenditure is the sum of DMC and DNMC.
DMC, direct medical costs; DNMC, direct non-medical costs.