Adjusted OR 95% CI p Value between§ | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
A-HPF n=281* | RUTF-C n=273† | RUTF-L n=284‡ | RUTF-C and A-HPF | RUTF-L and A-HPF | |
At the end of the sustenance phase | |||||
WHZ≥−2 (met definition of ‘recovery’) | 41 (14.6) | 33 (12.1) | 49 (17.3) | 0.78 (0.47 to 1.34) p=0.392 | 1.12 (0.74 to 1.95) p=0.464 |
WHZ <−2 to ≥−3 (moderate acute malnutrition) | 121 (43.1) | 129 (47.3) | 152 (53.5) | 1.26 (0.88 to 1.81) p=0.199 | 1.46 (1.02 to 2.08) p=0.039 |
WHZ <−3 (severe acute malnutrition) | 119 (42.4) | 111 (40.7) | 83 (29.2) | 0.87 (0.61 to 1.26) p=0.470 | 0.58 (0.40 to 0.85) p=0.005 |
Change between enrolment and the end of the sustenance phase | |||||
Adjusted difference 95% CI | |||||
WHZ, mean (SD) | 0.65 (0.70) | 0.65 (0.76) | 0.74 (0.76) | −0.01 (−0.12 to 0.11) p=0.906 | 0.11 (−0.00 to 0.22) p=0.051 |
Height-for-age Z-score, mean (SD) | 0.08 (0.47) | 0.04 (0.65) | 0.07 (0.50) | −0.03 (−0.12 to 0.06) p=0.437 | −0.00 (−0.09 to 0.08) p=0.971 |
Mid-upper arm circumference, mean (SD) | 0.75 (0.68) | 0.68 (0.72) | 0.81 (0.75) | −0.06 (−0.17 to 0.04) p=0.226 | 0.08 (−0.02 to 0.19) p=0.115 |
Three children (two in the RUTF-C group and one in the RUTF-L group) died during the treatment phase and two children (one each in the RUTF-C and RUTF-L groups) died during the sustenance phase. All values are n (%) unless otherwise indicated.
*Of the 301 enrolled children, 285 completed the treatment phase and of them 281 completed the sustenance phase. Reasons for loss: refusal (n=3), moved away (n=1).
†Of the 298 enrolled children, 280 completed the treatment phase and of them 273 completed the sustenance phase. Reasons for loss: moved away (n=3), clinically diagnosed allergy (n=1), died during the treatment phase (n=2) and died during the sustenance phase (n=1).
‡Of the 307 enrolled children, 290 infants completed the treatment phase and of them 284 completed the sustenance phase. Reasons for loss: refusal (n=2), moved away (n=2), died during the treatment phase (n=1) and died during the sustenance phase (n=1).
§GLM model adjusted for all potential covariates as sex, WHZ at enrolment, family structure, age at enrolment, maternal education, religion, caste, site and peer support.
A-HPF, micronutrient-enriched (augmented) energy-dense home-prepared foods; RUTF-C, centrally produced ready-to-use therapeutic food; RUTF-L, locally prepared ready-to-use therapeutic food; WHZ, weight-for-height Z-score.