@article {Katze007873, author = {Rachel Alberta Katz and Fabio Salamanca-Buentello and Diego S Silva and Ross EG Upshur and Maxwell J Smith}, title = {R\&D during public health emergencies: the value(s) of trust, governance and collaboration}, volume = {7}, number = {3}, elocation-id = {e007873}, year = {2022}, doi = {10.1136/bmjgh-2021-007873}, publisher = {BMJ Specialist Journals}, abstract = {In January 2021, Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, director{\textendash}general of the WHO, warned that the world was {\textquoteleft}on the brink of a catastrophic moral failure [that] will be paid with lives and livelihoods in the world{\textquoteright}s poorest countries{\textquoteright}. We are now past the brink. Many high-income countries have vaccinated their populations (which, in some cases, includes third and even fourth doses) and are loosening public health and social measures, while low-income and middle-income countries are struggling to secure enough supply of vaccines to administer first doses. While injustices abound in the deployment and allocation of COVID-19 vaccines, therapies and diagnostics, an area that has hitherto received inadequate ethical scrutiny concerns the upstream structures and mechanisms that govern and facilitate the research and development (R\&D) associated with these novel therapies, vaccines and diagnostics. Much can be learnt by looking to past experiences with the rapid deployment of R\&D in the context of public health emergencies. Yet, much of the {\textquoteleft}learning{\textquoteright} from past epidemics and outbreaks has largely focused on technical or technological innovations and overlooked the essential role of important normative developments; namely, the importance of fostering multiple levels of trust, strong and fair governance, and broad research collaborations. In this paper, we argue that normative lessons pertaining to the conduct of R\&D during the 2014{\textendash}2016 Ebola epidemic in West Africa provide important insights for how R\&D ought to proceed to combat the current COVID-19 pandemic and future infectious disease threats.There are no data in this work.}, URL = {https://gh.bmj.com/content/7/3/e007873}, eprint = {https://gh.bmj.com/content/7/3/e007873.full.pdf}, journal = {BMJ Global Health} }