Table 1

Study sample description: characteristics of facilities providing sick-child care and children receiving care

Variable	N	%	N	%
Variable	Children under 5 receiving sick-child care (n=3248)		Facilities providing sick-child care (n=742)
Client demographics
Child sex
Female	1603	49
Child age (months)
<2 months	112	3
2 through 11 months	1060	33
12 through 59 months	2076	64
Symptoms reported by caretaker*
Cough	320	10
Fever	130	4
Cough+fever only	505	16
Cough+fever+other symptom†	1069	33
Cough+other symptom, no fever	445	14
Fever+other symptom, no cough	455	14
Other symptom (no cough or fever)	267	8
No symptoms reported by caretaker	58	2
Clinician characteristics
Qualification of clinician caring for sick child (child level)/highest clinician on site (facility level)
Physician	35	1	90	12
Advanced practice clinician or paramedical professional (eg, assistant medical officer, clinical officer)	2771	85	593	80
Nurse	438	13	55	7
Other health professional (eg, counsellor, social worker)	4	1	3	1
In-service training and supportive supervision
IMCI training in the past 6 months: clinician caring for sick child (child level)/at least one clinician on site (facility level)	539	17	217	29
Supportive supervision in the past 6 months: clinician caring for sick child (child level)/at least one clinician on site (facility level)‡	1881	58	458	62
Facility characteristics
Poverty in facility catchment area
>80% in extreme poverty	202	6	57	8
60–80% in extreme poverty	1428	44	348	47
40–60% in extreme poverty	1202	37	228	31
20–40% in extreme poverty	207	6	57	8
0–20% in extreme poverty	209	6	48	7
Urban/non-urban
Urban	1023	32	181	24
Public/private
Private	780	24	330	45
Type of facility
Hospital	1167	36	98	13
Non-hospital (eg, health centre, clinic, dispensary)	2081	64	644	87
Quality scores	Mean	SD	Mean	SD
Structural quality
Service Readiness Index§	0.64	0.17	0.59	0.14
Service readiness for child curative and preventive care¶	0.65	0.16	0.58	0.16
Technical quality
Observed adherence to IMCI**	0.30	0.13	0.31	0.11

*Caretakers could report multiple symptoms for each child.
†Other symptoms include diarrhoea, vomit, feeding problem, convulsions, sleeping problem and other.
‡Supportive supervision is defined as supervision that included feedback and discussion of problems encountered in the past 6 months.
§Service Readiness Index is a score from 0 to 1 assessing facility preparedness to deliver healthcare based on 50 items in five domains: amenities, basic equipment, infection prevention, diagnostic capacity and essential medicine (WHO SARA report).
¶Service readiness for curative and preventive care for children is the proportion of 18 items (eg, staff training in IMCI, a thermometer and amoxicillin) essential for these services (WHO SARA report).
**Observed adherence to IMCI guidelines is the proportion of clinical actions (eg, history, examination, management) the provider is observed to complete in each clinical visit out of a list of 22 items (17 for those <2 months) detailed in the IMCI guidelines (2014 Chartbook).
IMCI, Integrated Management of Childhood Illness.