Association between country of patient origin and isolation of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria
| OR (95% CI) | P value | |
| MRSA | ||
| Togo vs Madagascar | 0.41 (0.09 to 1.93) | 0.258 |
| Sierra Leone vs Madagascar | 1.93 (0.49 to 7.57) | 0.349 |
| Liberia vs Madagascar | 2.25 (0.40 to 12.53) | 0.355 |
| Congo vs Madagascar | 5.05 (1.68 to 15.16) | 0.004 |
| Benin vs Madagascar | 5.36 (2.06 to 13.95) | 0.001 |
| Enterobacteriaceae resistant to third-generation cephalosporins | ||
| Togo vs Madagascar | 2.38 (0.39 to 14.39) | 0.345 |
| Sierra Leone vs Madagascar | 2.48 (0.39 to 15.87) | 0.338 |
| Liberia vs Madagascar | 6.46 (0.67 to 62.34) | 0.108 |
| Congo vs Madagascar | 6.11 (1.44 to 25.88) | 0.015 |
| Benin vs Madagascar | 9.76 (2.62 to 36.40) | 0.001 |
Generalised mixed-effects model used to adjust for repeated isolates in a patient, potential clustering by field service, age and gender of patient, wound location and hospital location where wound culture obtained. Country is a significant predictor of methicillin resistance among Staphylococcus aureus (overall P=0.002) and resistance to third-generation cephalosporins among Enterobacteriaceae isolates (overall P=0.009).
MRSA, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.